#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int n;
cin>>n;
int train[55];
while(n--)
{
int swp=0;
int x;
cin>>x;
for(int i=0; i<x; i++)
{
scanf("%d",&train[i]);
}
for(int j=0; j<x-1; j++)
{
for(int k=0; k<x-j-1; k++)
{
if(train[k] > train[k+1])
{
int temp = train[k];
train[k] = train[k+1];
train[k+1] = temp;
swp++;
}
}
}
printf("Optimal train swapping takes %d swaps.\n",swp);
// cout<<swp<<endl;
}
return 0;
}