int i;

# 18 "pass_by_name_vs_pass_by_value.c"
int three_times( int a )
{
  int total = 0;
  total += a;
  ++i;
  total += a;
  ++i;
  total += a;
  return total;
}



int main( )
{

  int array[] = {1,2,3};

  i = 0;
  printf( "pass by name: %d\n" , ({ int total = 0; total += array[i]; ++i; total += array[i]; ++i; total += array[i]; total; }) );

  i = 0;
  printf( "pass by value: %d\n" , three_times(array[i]) );

  return 0;
}

pass by name: 6
pass by value: 3